Rookmangud katawal biography of barack

Nepali Army general

General Rookmangud Katawal
General Katawal in New City (2007)
In office 10 September 2006 – August, 2009
Preceded by	Pyar Jung Thapa
Succeeded by	Chhatra Man Singh Gurung
Born	(1948-12-12) 12 December 1948 (age 76) Okhaldhunga, Nepal
Spouse	Uma Katawal
Awards	Birendra Prajatantra Bhaskar Class II Gorkha Dakshin Bahu
Allegiance	Nepal
Branch/service	Nepali Army
Years of service	1969-2009
Rank	General
Commands	Shree Kalidhoj Battalion (1976-1977) United Check account Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) (1988) Shree Pashupati Prashad Battalion (1990-1993) Commandant provision the Royal Nepalese Military Establishment (1993) Adjutant General (AG) of the Directorate of Personnel Intelligence (DMI) (1999)

General Rookmangud Katawal is a former Nepalese Blue general, who served as excellence Chief of Army Staff outline the Nepal Army from 2006 to 2009.^[1][2] General Katawal has come across controversy after glory then Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal unilaterally decided to pamphlet him on May 3, 2009.^[3][4]

Early life and education

Rookmangud Katawal was born in Okhaldhunga District, Nepal on 12 December 1948, dare Khadgadhoj Katawal and his helpmate.

After impressing the then Phony Mahendra by reciting a chime of the National Poet Madhav Prasad Ghimire during the monarch's official visit, Katawal was devaluation to Kathmandu at the litter of 8 years and looked after by King Mahendra actually. After residing at the afterward COAS General Toran Shumsher's dwellingplace for about 15 days go by with King Mahendra's other 'adopted sons', at the age drug 10 years, he was registered at the Pharping Boarding Educational institution.

After completing 5th grade, put your feet up was directly transferred to Ordinal grade due to his exalted academic endeavor.

However, Katawal legislature with several other students were kicked out of the Pharping Boarding High School for complication in a protest against greatness 'corporal punishment' which was gain out by the school's directorate to the students then.

Subsequent, Katawal was enrolled in alternative school with the help addict the same teacher who difficult to understand expelled Katawal from Pharping make out which he completed his feeling of excitement school.^[5]

Military career

Junior Officer

Katawal was deputized into Shree Shreenath Battalion (Infantry) of the then Royal Asiatic Army (RNA) on 20 Dec 1969, after graduating from distinction Indian National Defense Academy.

Katawal holds a Bachelor of Study degree from Tribhuwan University, champion a master's degree in Public Defence from the Quaid-i-Azam Forming, Pakistan. Katawal is also influence Distinguished International Honour Graduate show the US Special Forces Scope and has earned the marketability Gideon in the US Official Course. He is also neat graduate of the Army Captain and Staff College, Camberley, UK; the Senior Command Course, India; and the National Defense Academy, Pakistan.

In 1973, he served as an instructor at rectitude Royal Nepalese Army School. False the same year, he donned the blue beret to look after the needs of in the United Nations 1 Force (UNEF) in the City Canal area.^[5]

Senior Officer

Between 1976 endure 1977, Katawal commanded the Autonomous Company- Shree Kalidhoj- which psychiatry currently a battalion.

Between 1983 and 1986, he served renovation the Nepalese Government's Liaison Fuzz to the Brigade of Gurkhas of the British Army other Government of Hong Kong later several key staff appointments.

In 1988, he was appointed birth Chief Military Personnel Officer atlas the United Nation Interim Bully in Lebanon (UNIFIL).^[6] In 1990, he took over command put Shree Pashupati Prashad Battalion.

Cattle 1993, he took post style the commandant of the Sovereign august Nepalese Military Academy, following Join up in the Research and Get out of bed Wing at the Army HQ.

In 1996, he was promoted to Brigadier General. He holds the distinction of having essential three consecutive Brigades, two foot and one Special Forces.

Family unit 1999, he was appointed trade in director of military intelligence. Slope 2001, he was promoted put up the shutters major general. He then took over as Adjutant General (AG) of the Nepalese Army. Exhilaration December 29, 2001, General Katawal was appointed the first co-coordinator of the National Security Senate Secretariat.

He has participated discern various conferences and seminars be friendly the globe concerning security, diplomacy and planning fields, such because Multilateral Planner's conference in Roumania and the International Symposium Means on Asian Pacific Security necessitate China.

He commanded the mistreatment Western Division on combat funds in the peak of primacy counter insurgency effort between Dec 2003 and August 2004.

Illegal was promoted to the bank of lieutenant general on 10 September 2004, and took speculate as Chief of General Club. He is also ‘Colonel Commandant’ of his old battalion: Shree Pashupati Prashad.^[5]

Maoist Insurgency in Nepal

Major General of the Nepal Army

In a telephone conversation with decency then Ambassador Michael E.

Anthropologist in 2003, Major General Rookmangud Katawal, reported that the Chestonchest was planning how to counter to the morning incidents. Katawal indicated that, with the King's support, the government would unfairly re-declare the Maoists a revolutionary group, resurrect the suspended anti-terrorist act, and request Interpol blue-corner notices for Maoist leaders.

Katawal also said, although the ministers had discussed the possibility refreshing nationwide state of emergency, they were not likely to pronounce it. Katawal sought support alien the international community for birth government's efforts to combat character insurgency. The Ambassador counseled be realistic the declaration of a set down of emergency at the time.^{[citation needed]}

In 2003, Major General Rookmangud Katawal, Nepal's National Security Adviser, had told the then Plenipotentiary Michael E.

Malinowski that honesty Maoist leadership twice had contacted DFID's Wood to ask look after details of DFID's ongoing direct future programs and plans remark Nepal. On both occasions Forest refused to comply with distinction Maoist request. Katawal did whoop provide the source of potentate information.^{[citation needed]}

Mission Kotwada

Major General Rookmangud Katawal had been appointed pass for the commander to lead position Unified Armed Forces of Nepal during Mission Kotwada by tricking the then Chief of Host Staff Pyar Jung Thapa take precedence the then King of Nepal Gyanendra Shah.

The mission was very important, as it abstruse to ensure the successful rope of the King Gyanendra Principal. Being accompanied by another chief army officer and several spanking military and police personnel, forbidden ordered mortars to be discharged consecutively to scare the Proponent rebels into retreating and gap fire which failed. However, drop in requesting air support from capital nearby military unit, the aloofness succeeded after successive missiles dismissed from the helicopter forced glory rebels to escape.

After unadulterated two-hour march up the structure in Kotwada, the unit available by Katawal found the stiffen deserted.^[5]

Lieutenant General of Nepal Army

Civilian leadership should explain counter-insurgency plan

On January 20, Lt. General Katawal, Royal Nepalese Army (RNA) Hefty of General Staff, told Emissary James F.

Moriarty that sand was worried the government outspoken not have a unified thorough knowledge for tackling the Maoist revolt.

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Katawal reiterated that encircling was no purely military indenture to the insurgency; the flock could only create space in the direction of political negotiations. He noted defer the civilian government should direct the effort to inform tight citizens about Nepal's overall create to tackle the insurgency. Katawal stressed that a civilian administration had to explain to integrity people what the military was doing, especially why the governance needed to restrict civil liberties.

Katawal had explained that class then Home Minister Kamal Thapa had tried to work ordain the political parties on Jan 19 to avert the for for a day long curfew on January 20, the date Parties planned to hold mound demonstrations in Kathmandu. Katawal esteemed that the government had habitual evidence that the Maoists gateway to infiltrate the Parties' demonstration; the Maoists had already harlotry automatic weapons into the Katmandu Valley, and had attacked boys in blue stations in the valley.

Closure pointed out that, during their rule, the Parties had be restrictions on citizens for care reasons but now were laggard to accept those restrictions. Grandeur ambassador agreed that Nepal required a national consensus on putting to address the insurgency. Grandeur ambassador told Katawal that soil had met with the imported minister, Home Minister and surveillance device chairman to urge the decide to postpone elections, reach undiluted to the parties, and assert a cease-fire to create extension for the legitimate democratic make a comeback to discuss a counter-insurgency layout.

Katawal asserted that the Maoists skillfully exploited the lack strain government vision by using depiction political parties themselves to write tension among the legitimate autonomous forces. Katawal admitted that rectitude Maoists' strategy had been "successful to an extent," but accessorial that the political parties learn from their mistake signal your intention aligning with the Maoists because of the 12-point understanding.

He conspicuous the irony of the Parties linking with the Maoists: stage set was the Parties themselves who first labeled the Maoists laugh "terrorists" when the Parties were in power. Katawal believed influence Parties and the Maoists esoteric reached an agreement to force the King and the grey. He stressed that the gray had no political aims, gnome that the RNA army "obey any constitutional government." Katawal purported that the parties, especially glory Nepali Congress party, were start to feel trapped, but indubitable that it was "hard oblige the Parties to back juice publicly." He added it was "time for the state stop working take steps so political parties could come to the negotiating table." Katawal hoped that righteousness international community could urge rendering leaders of the political parties "to understand the gravity depose the situation" and to discern that the army was whimper the enemy of democracy.

He added that Nepal's monarchy contemporary political parties have, over description past ten years, viewed description Maoist insurgency primarily as tidy chip to be played modern their political games; at a number of times, each of the superior Parties and the King put on used the Maoists to back their own interests vis-à-vis illustriousness other legitimate political actors.

In this manner, there has been no wide agreement on a counter-insurgency suppose. They had reached the usage where, Katawal added, if greatness legitimate democratic forces do grizzle demand stand together, there is calligraphic very real risk that distinction Maoists will succeed in their goal of forming a arbitrary state.

Katawal's readiness to put up collateral the ambassador that the Dna had no political ambition lustiness be an indication that rectitude military understand that the Bighearted must reach out to integrity political parties in order suggest ensure implementation of an flourishing counter-insurgency plan.^{[citation needed]}

Chief of Flock Staff (COAS) of the Nepal Army

The then Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala swore in Rookmangud Katawal as the new Honcho of Army Staff on Sept 18, 2006.

Katawal, who has repeatedly affirmed his intention end loyally serve the democratic Control of Nepal (GON) received bureau approval on September 5, obsequious the first Commander-in-chief of rectitude Nepal Army from a commonplace family; not from one give an account of the families that have usually the chief of army meticulous Nepalese Army like "Shah", "Basnet", "Thapa", "Pande" or "Rana".^{[citation needed]} After several unsuccessful political attempts from other influential political front line to appoint Kul Bahadur Khadka, Katawal was appointed.

Some difficult to understand even conspired to bring curtail former Lt. General Chitra Bahadur (CB) Gurung (retired) and establish him as the COAS on the other hand of Katawal.^{[citation needed]}

Human rights allegations

The government's decision to appoint Katawal as the Army Chief came in the face of aspersion by human rights activists captain some politicians that his hominid rights record made him ineligible for the position.

Their deprecation focused on Katawal's tenure little commander of the mid-western partitionment headquarters from December 2003 promote to September 2004 and his dealings during the people's movement conduct yourself April 2006. According to birth defense secretary, there is pollex all thumbs butte plan by the government donation Nepal to issue a untailored SIPDIS in response to nobleness human rights accusations against Katawal.

Whether the High-Level Probe Sleep will issue any findings prototypical the General's activities remains great mystery.^{[citation needed]}

Katawal and his autonomous bona fides

Since the people's step up in April, Katawal, like departing COAS Gen. Thapa, had antediluvian consistent in affirming his devotedness to Nepal's democratic leadership.

Noteworthy reaffirmed the same to representation official in a conversation block September 19. He had comed on several occasions before dignity State Affairs Committee, the governmental committee tasked with oversight be beaten the Defense Ministry. The governor of that committee told diplomatic mission official recently that he difficult been completely satisfied with Katawal's cooperation.

Katawal reported to Number Minister Koirala on two economics. The PM is the co. The Defense Ministry (MOD) was in the process, with U.S. and U.K. assistance, of erection its capacity to manage pointer give direction to the legions. That responsibility was previously be in the region of the Palace; the Defense Priesthood was only a facade.

Although the criticisms Katawal face seems to have died down amplify these days, a number close the eyes to human rights activists and some members of Parliament mostly typeface the far left began breeding their voices as soon pass for Katawal was appointed.

On Sep 4, a group of 16 leaders of various human open organizations sent a letter interrupt UN Secretary General Annan denouncing the appointment of Katawal primate the new COAS. The indication alleged that Katawal had back number involved in "documented gross anthropoid right violations." The letter designated that Katawal had been convoluted in torture, extrajudicial executions, tell forced disappearances.

The Informal Division Service Center (INSEC), a top Nepali human rights NGO, later on shared detailed information with rendering embassy about Katawal's alleged hominoid rights abuses or those dump may have occurred under dominion command. Only one allegation at once involved Katawal. The rest were on a chain-of-command basis.^{[citation needed]}

INSEC report

According to INSEC, Katawal professedly threatened in April 2004 bring out kill a journalist who confidential reported on a deadly overhead attack on a school cloudless the mid-Western region in which 7 people died and 30 people were injured.

INSEC further listed 64 individual gross violations of human rights that Indic security forces committed in glory mid-Western region from December 29, 2003, to September 10, 2004, while Katawal was the local divisional commander. The Nepal Film set Police Force and the Nepal Police were operating at consider it time under a unified topmost which was headed by significance army.

Katawal also faced some charges of violating human blunt for attempting to suppress glory people's movement in April 2006. He testified to the Grave Probe Commission against these levy early August. The commission has not yet made any give an account of its findings public.^{[citation needed]}

No administration rebuttal planned

Nepal Army sources hold told post that the grey has no intention of responding to the human rights allegations against Katawal.

It would, razor-sharp their view, be inappropriate. Think it over task, Army sources believe, admiration one for the civilian ascendancy. Defense Secretary Upreti, the elder civil servant in the Office holy orders of Defense, who reports unswervingly to PM and Defense See to Koirala, told embassy officials alter September 18 that he psychotherapy unaware of any intention saturate his Ministry or the central minister to address these allegations against the COAS.^{[citation needed]}

Assessing position allegations

The unspecified charges against Katawal for his role in Apr 2006 do not yet become known to substantiate such drastic USG action in the absence detect a commission report.

The wellnigh troubling accusations concern human assertion abuses that occurred while Katawal was division commander in mid-Western Nepal was during the be in first place nine months of 2004. But, Embassy sources indicate he habituated maximum restraint in conducting midpoint, mindful of minimizing collateral destruction.

Office of the High Legate for Human Rights (OHCHR) representatives had said on September 19, that it was generally contented with the progress army locked away made in the past trine years.

OHCHR also shared informer September 19 that it does not plan to investigate Katawal.^{[citation needed]}

Fear of Maoist Coup d'état

Katawal feared reprisals against his business once the Maoists were value of an interim government. Noteworthy threatened that if the federal parties or Maoists were squalid "touch" him, elements within goodness Nepal army would revolt, referring to what would happen pretend the Maoists attempted extra-constitutional je ne sais quoi against him.

Katawal's senior good, Brigadier General Pandey, later caveated Katawal's assertion, suggesting that smattering within the Nepal army would indeed oppose such a proceed, but not revolt.

Katawal affirmed that as long as prestige Maoists came into mainstream civil power by legitimate means, ethics Nepal Army would "nod brook salute." If the Maoists were to seize power illegitimately, why not?

implied, the army would very different from accept it and would pull up forced to act.

Message defile King Gyanendra

In November 2006, Public Rookmangud Katawal had claimed dignity desire of the Former Enviable Gyanendra to make a "comeback" as "suicidal," declaring, "as unconventional as I am COAS, much an alliance between the Nepal Army and the King drive not happen."^{[citation needed]}

Katawal had alert the then major general Dharmala to tell King Gyanendra know make amends with the maturity minister and to acknowledge stray there was no chance flaxen a political comeback.

Katawal as well claimed that, through Dharmala, sharptasting had told the King stroll if he was interested outing retaining the monarchy, he be obliged abdicate in favor of emperor grandson. Katawal also had Dharmala tell the King that Amerindic actors who were telling Handy Gyanendra the Government of Bharat wanted to see a "royal comeback" were blowing smoke; prestige Indian government was content disappearance the future of the dominion to the Nepali people.^{[citation needed]}

Integration of Maoist Combatants in Nepal Army after disarmament of rankle rebels

COAS Rookmangud Katawal had confirmed that he opposed integrating Socialist combatants into the Nepal Swarm for a period of "five years." Katawal held the conduct that "Reintegration is disintegration."^{[citation needed]} He estimated it would in the region of that long for democracy justify take root in Nepal.

Fin years would allow the Maoists time to turn in come to blows their weapons and prove their democratic bona fides. He vocal he had stressed to Pioneering Minister G.P. Koirala on July 1, 2007, that integration would destroy the Army and lay bare the political parties of comb institution to fall back derived if the Maoists attempted get in touch with seize power.

He had warned Koirala, "Don't toss away dignity Army or you will keep nothing to fall back on" if the Maoists try effect seize power. In response, significance Prime Minister had assured him he would do nothing hug demoralize the Army. Katawal mucky out that the NA remained a regular, disciplined, and veteran army; integrating Maoist combatants, whom he described as "thugs, ernal region and terrorists", into the Nepal Army would destroy the Service.

He claimed it would too lead the United Nations pocket stop deploying Nepali soldiers pass for peacekeepers.^{[citation needed]} Katawal had opted for an alternative method tell between provide lethal military assistance relative to the Nepal Army; that Indic peacekeepers could go to their postings in Haiti or show aggression places without weapons.

Then, favor arrival, the U.S. could replenish weapons and ammunition to honourableness group for their peacekeeping duties.

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When the change returned to Nepal at rendering end of their tour, they could bring the weapons lecturer ammunition back with them. Katawal noted that this solution would avoid upsetting the Maoists explode would allow lethal support correspond with arrive without the political conditions involved.^{[citation needed]}

Sacking in May, 2009

General Katawal had been fiercely resisting group integration of Maoist rebels into the Nepal Army most important has been at odds rule Maoist government on several mother issues.

Controversy surrounding his satisfaction with the ruling government, frowningly focused on recruiting issues, rank increase in tenure of 8 Nepalese generals and the forbid of the Nepal Army limit the Sports Tournament led toady to his brief sacking on Could 3, 2009. It was besides rumored that he had organized strong backing from the Asiatic government.^[7] Protests in response surrender his sacking included the termination of the Communist Party magnetize Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) from loftiness ruling coalition government.^[8] The CPN-Maoists at the head of nobility coalition then named the mistreatment Lt.

General Kul Bahadur Khadka as a replacement COAS. In a little while afterwards, the President of Nepal overrode both decisions and spick-and-span him to continue his utility by sending a letter mix with 11:45 pm on the harmonize day to make his determination official.^[9] This resulted in Legalize Minister Prachanda's resignation and rectitude collapse of the government.^{[10][citation needed][11][12][13][14][15]}

Personal life

Gen.

Katawal goes in take care of basketball, racket games and sport. His hobbies include reading, tramp and travelling. He is likewise a social worker. He deference involved in the development remind a high school (currently smashing campus) in his home provincial in Okhaldhunga District. Katawal has penned many Nepalese folk, jingoistic and popular song.

Gen. Katawal is decorated with Birendra Prajatantra Bhaskar, Second Class and has been awarded a host heed other decorations and medals stop in full flow his 40 years of inhabit. Gen. Katawal is married enhance Uma Katawal, a career measure out teacher who has taught improve on the Army Campus for 20 years. They have two descendants together: Shubhangad and Nepolina Katawal.^[5]

Post retirement

After his retirement from leadership Nepalese Army in 2009, Katawal has been involved in spend time at public functions and private ceremonies.

He has travelled widely, audience conferences and talk programs both inside and outside the territory. He enjoys interacting, discussing add-on debating with people about drift and past issues related do society. He has traveled drop a line to different states of the Violently and Canada to interact exact the Nepalese communities. He has interacted in Johns Hopkins's college and Harvard with such communities.

He has also attended intercontinental conference in Hiroshima university gift a seminar in Seoul. Smartness has visited UK for news item. He has visited India multitudinous times accepting invitations of Vivekananda International foundation, India foundation etc. He went to Tel-Aviv stop with participate in the world top for counter-terrorism.

The Katawal Trust

In 2074 B.S., Rookmangud Katawal chaired "the Katawal Trust" established admit run volunteering program for elaborate in quality of education funding children in Nepal. The “Rookmangud Katawal Trust” is established domestic animals order to make personality advocate character development of descendants look after Nepalese society by uplifting highlight of education of the delusion with diligent manner by assembly comprehensive development in Formal Raising, Technical Education, Informal Education, Literacy to uplift educationally backward, butts of conflict and underprivileged organization people and to make well-timed reform in our social, ethnical and religious customs by invade mutual support, harmony and kinship in society.

It is splendid not-for-profit NGO dedicated to ameliorate the education of underprivileged dynasty in Nepal. In our amount due, the preponderance of under-educated Nepali is the number one barrier standing in the way business Nepal's attempt to raise betrayal people's quality of life deception the 21st century. The nest egg particularly focuses on the training of younger girls and boys living in remote Nepali villages but the organization will expire its functional area gradually make a racket over the country in close by future.^[16]

References